Myxedema
EndocrinologyMyxedema is caused by very low levels of thyroid hormones in the body. This condition is most often associated with untreated hypothyroidism, which is the result of an underactive thyroid gland. Myxedema can have serious consequences and requires immediate medical intervention.
Treatment methods
Various complications such as swelling can occur with the disease. Treatment of complications includes diuretics to relieve edema, correction of electrolyte balance, and maintenance of renal function.
The main treatment for myxedema caused by hypothyroidism is to replace the missing thyroid hormones. Patients are usually prescribed levothyroxine, which compensates for the lack of thyroid hormones in the body. The dosage of the medication is individualized and adjusted by the doctor based on the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood.
Patients with this disease often experience weakness. Swelling can affect the face, arms, legs, and even the throat, which can lead to difficulty breathing. Patients may be constantly cold even when it is warm outside.
Myxedema requires immediate treatment, usually in the hospital. In treatment, synthetic thyroid hormones are prescribed to restore their levels in the body. Patients may also be prescribed symptomatic treatment such as diuretics for edema. In the absence of comprehensive treatment, the disease can be fatal.
Diagnosis at MDI Clinic
MDI Clinic physicians will perform a general physical examination of the patient and gather information about the patient’s medical history, including the presence of symptoms, how long they have been present, and factors that may have triggered the condition.
One of the first steps in diagnosing myxedema is to analyze thyroid hormone levels in the blood. The main hormone evaluated is thyroid hormone, which is produced by the pituitary gland and regulates thyroid activity. Thyroid hormone levels are usually elevated in disease.
The disease can cause electrolyte disturbances such as hyponatremia (decreased sodium levels) and hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels) in the blood. Therefore, it is important to have electrolytes analyzed. Ultrasound allows the doctor to evaluate the size and structure of the thyroid gland and detect the presence of tumors or other abnormalities.
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