The causes that lead to the development of spina bifida are not always known, but may include genetic factors and environment. For example, folic acid deficiency in early pregnancy can increase the risk of developing this birth defect. It is also important to consider family history of disease, as having cases of spina bifida in the family may increase the risk in offspring.

The symptoms of spina bifida can vary greatly depending on the severity of the abnormality. Mild forms of spina bifida may be asymptomatic or cause only minor symptoms.

Bulging of the skin or membrane over a defect on the baby’s back: This may be seen immediately after birth. In more serious cases where the spinal cord is also involved, paralysis of the lower limbs or other motor impairments may occur. Spina bifida can affect urinary control and cause other disorders in this area.

Diagnosis at MDI Clinic

Diagnostic measures usually begin with observation and visual inspection of the newborn. If there is a visible defect on the back or a bulge of skin or membrane over the back area, the doctor may immediately assume spina bifida.

Ultrasound can help detect signs of spina bifida in the fetus during pregnancy. However, this study may not always be sufficiently accurate and it is important to additionally perform other examinations after birth.

This method is more accurate for the diagnosis of spina bifida in newborns. MRI allows visualization of the structures of the spine and spinal cord, as well as evaluation of the degree of cerebral membrane presentation through the defect.

Fluoroscopy can sometimes be used to confirm the diagnosis, but it is a less preferred method because of the radiation of x-rays and visualization limitations.